Phenazopyridine

Summary

Phenazopyridine is a local anesthetic used for the symptomatic relief of pain, burning, urgency, frequency, and general discomfort caused by lower urinary tract irritations that are a result of infection, trauma, surgery, endoscopic procedures, or the passage of equipment or catheters.

Brand Names

Phenazo, Pyridium, Uristat, Urobiotic

Generic Name
Phenazopyridine
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01438
Background

Phenazopyridine, also known as Pyridium, is a urinary tract analgesic used for the short-term management of urinary tract irritation and its associated unpleasant symptoms such as burning and pain during urination. In the USA, this drug was previously marked by Roche but has been discontinued by the FDA.16 It is still used in various parts of the world. Ingestion of phenazopyridine is found to change the appearance of the urine by imparting an orange or red color, as it is considered an azo dye.15

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure

Thumb

Image

Weight
Average: 213.2385
Monoisotopic: 213.101445377
Chemical Formula
C11H11N5
Synonyms
  • 2,6-Diamino-3-(phenylazo)pyridine
  • 2,6-Diamino-3-phenylazopyridine
  • 3-(Phenylazo)-2,6-pyridinediamine
  • Fenazopiridina
  • Phenazopyridine
  • Phénazopyridine
  • Phenazopyridinum
Indication

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is indicated to relieve uncomfortable symptoms that occur as a consequence of mucosal irritation of the lower urinary tract in adults. The irritation may be a result of trauma, surgery, endoscopic procedures, infection, or the insertion of instruments or urinary catheters.14 Phenazopyridine may be used in combination with antimicrobial therapy but is not used as an antimicrobial agent. It contributes to the relief of discomfort and pain before antimicrobial therapy begins to take effect. It is important to note that the duration of treatment with this drug should last a maximum of 2 days.14 Phenazopyridine is available in many countries as an over the counter drug.7

Pharmacology

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Associated Conditions
  • Lower Urinary Tract Infection
  • Signs or symptoms of urinary tract irritation
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

Contraindications

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Pharmacodynamics

Phenazopyridine acts as a local anesthetic offering relief from irritating conditions of the urinary tract. It relieves urinary urgency frequency, burning, pain, and discomfort.14,18

A note on urine and skin discoloration and interference with test results

Yellowing of the skin or sclerae of the eyes may indicate that the accumulation of phenazopyridine has occurred. This may be a consequence of overdose, decreased renal function, taking the drug for over two days. Elderly patients may be at particular risk due to a decline in renal function, potentiating the risk of phenazopyridine accumulation. The drug should be discontinued if yellowing of the skin or sclerae is observed.14 Hemolytic anemia is a risk of phenazopyridine, especially in cases of overdose. In addition to the above effects, this drug may impart an orange or red color of urine and feces, causing staining of clothing. Other body fluids may also be stained, and in patients wearing contact lenses, phenazopyridine may cause lens staining. Due to its orange-red color, this drug may interfere with laboratory requiring colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric methods of analysis.14 In patients with G6PD enzyme deficiency, this drug poses a greater risk of hemolysis, even at normal doses and is not recommended.14

A note on carcinogenesis

Based on the results of in vivo studies in rats, this drug has been listed as a carcinogen in the USA since 1981. Rats given this drug were found to demonstrate increased rates of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal tumors.23 Use this agent with caution and limit the administration of this drug when possible.

Mechanism of action

The full mechanism of action of phenazopyridine is not fully elucidated18, however, it is reported to exert a direct topical analgesic effect on the mucosal lining of the urinary tract via the inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels17 and possibly group A nerve fibers, as suggested by the results of a study in rats.8 The above actions likely lead to the relief of unpleasant urinary symptoms.15

Target Actions Organism
ASodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha

inhibitor

 Humans
UGroup A nerve fibers

inhibitor

 Rat
Absorption

Phenazopyridine is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.10,20 The mean Cmax is 65.00 ± 29.23 ng/mL, the mean Tmax is 2.48 ± 0.50 h, and the mean AUC(0 – ∞)is 431.77 ± 87.82 ng.h/mL.11

Volume of distribution

Small, trace quantities of phenazopyridine are thought to cross the placenta and the blood-brain barrier, reaching cerebrospinal fluid.15 A pharmacokinetic study in rats determined that phenazopyridine metabolites were present in high levels in the kidney and liver.12

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Phenazopyridine is metabolized in the liver, and acetaminophen has been discovered to be one metabolite of this drug.15 Hydroxylation is a pathway by which this drug is metabolized.13 In humans, 5-hydroxyl PAP is the major metabolite (48.3% of the dose) and small amounts of other hydroxy metabolites are produced.11,22 The metabolism of phenazopyridine produces aniline, which is likely associated with methemoglobinemia in some patients or in the case of an overdose. This dye accumulates in the skin, and yellow skin pigmentation has been observed when high doses of this drug have been taken.14 Triaminopyridine is also a metabolite of phenazopyridine.22 During a pharmacokinetic study, aniline contributed to approximately 6.9% of urinary metabolites. N acetyl-p-aminophenol (acetaminophen) contributes to about 18%, P-aminophenol (PAP) contributes 24%, and finally, DPP (unchanged phenazopyridine) contributes to about 41% of excreted urinary metabolites.10

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Route of elimination

Up to 65% of an oral phenazopyridine dose is quickly excreted by the kidneys as unchanged drug measured in the urine.15 The pharmacokinetics of this drug have not been evaluated in depth in man. In a small group of healthy research volunteers, 90% of a daily 600 mg oral dose of phenazopyridine hydrochloride was found to be excreted within 1 day, with 41% as unchanged drug and 49% as phenazopyridine metabolites.14 Another study in humans determined that 80.07 ± 4.54 percent of the dose was cleared in the urine within 48 hours of administration.9 In rats, biliary excretion was high, with 40.7% of a dose excreted in 8 hours.12

Half-life

The mean elimination half-life of phenazopyridine is 7.35 hours in rats with healthy renal function.12 The half-life in man is not readily vailable in the literature.

Clearance

This drug is rapidly excreted by the kidneys, up to 65% of a dose administered orally may be excreted as unchanged drug in the urine. The clearance of phenazopyridine may be decreased with impaired renal or hepatic function and is contraindicated in these conditions.14

Adverse Effects

Adverseeffects

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Toxicity

The oral LD50 of phenazopyridine in rats is 472 mg/kg.19

Overdose information

Administering excess phenazopyridine above the daily recommended dose in those with healthy or impaired kidney function may increase the drug concentration and predispose the patient to toxicity. When a large overdose occurs, methemoglobinemia results.5,6 To treat this condition, Methylene blue at 1 to 2 mg/kg/dose should be administered intravenously as a 1% solution as deemed necessary. Its administration is likely to cause a rapid reduction of the methemoglobinemia state and relieve the associated cyanosis. Hemolytic anemia is also a risk when an overdose occurs, and "bite cells" may be observed in a blood smear after an overdose with phenazopyridine. Red blood cell G6PD deficiency may increase the risk of hemolysis, and even normal doses can lead to methemoglobinemia in patients with this condition. Nephrotoxicity, renal failure, and hepatic impairment may also occur in a case of overdose with this drug. Administer symptomatic and supportive treatment as necessary.4,7,18

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available
Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

  • Approved
  • Vet approved
  • Nutraceutical
  • Illicit
  • Withdrawn
  • Investigational
  • Experimental
  • All Drugs
Drug Interaction

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interactions in your software
Abacavir Phenazopyridine may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Aceclofenac The risk or severity of nephrotoxicity can be increased when Phenazopyridine is combined with Aceclofenac.
Acemetacin The risk or severity of nephrotoxicity can be increased when Phenazopyridine is combined with Acemetacin.
Acetaminophen The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Acetaminophen is combined with Phenazopyridine.
Acetazolamide Acetazolamide may increase the excretion rate of Phenazopyridine which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Acetylsalicylic acid The risk or severity of nephrotoxicity can be increased when Acetylsalicylic acid is combined with Phenazopyridine.
Aclidinium Phenazopyridine may decrease the excretion rate of Aclidinium which could result in a higher serum level.
Acrivastine Phenazopyridine may decrease the excretion rate of Acrivastine which could result in a higher serum level.
Acyclovir The risk or severity of nephrotoxicity can be increased when Acyclovir is combined with Phenazopyridine.
Adefovir dipivoxil The risk or severity of nephrotoxicity can be increased when Adefovir dipivoxil is combined with Phenazopyridine.
Food Interactions
  • Take with food. Food reduces irritation.

Products2

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Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 0EWG668W17 136-40-3 QQBPIHBUCMDKFG-GEEYTBSJSA-N
Product Images
International/Other Brands
AZO-Standard / Baridium / Phenazodine / Prodium / Pyrazodine / Pyridiate / Sedural / Uristat / Urodine / Urogesic / Viridium
Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Azo Gesic Tablet 95 mg/1 Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2011-06-25 2017-04-29 US flag
AZO Urinary Tract Health Tablet 95 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2014-02-28 2016-11-30 US flag
Phenazo Tablet 200 mg Oral Bausch Health, Canada Inc. 1979-12-31 Not applicable Canada flag
Phenazo Tablet 100 mg Oral Bausch Health, Canada Inc. 1973-12-31 Not applicable Canada flag
Phenazopyridine Tablet 100 mg/1 Oral Breckenridge Pharmaceutical, Inc. 2005-09-01 2012-03-31 US flag
Phenazopyridine Tablet 200 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 1995-08-11 2013-01-15 US flag
Phenazopyridine Tablet 200 mg/1 Oral Blenheim Pharmacal. Inc. 2010-10-22 2012-03-31 US flag
Phenazopyridine Tablet 100 mg/1mg Oral Sola Pharmaceuticals 2018-02-19 2018-03-15 US flag
Phenazopyridine Tablet 200 mg/1 Oral Breckenridge Pharmaceutical, Inc. 2005-09-01 2012-03-31 US flag
Phenazopyridine Tablet 200 mg/1 Oral Direct Rx 2016-04-14 Not applicable US flag
Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Azo Tablet 97.5 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2012-05-18 Not applicable US flag
Azo Tablet 97.5 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2014-03-04 2017-02-01 US flag
Azo Tablet 95 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2012-05-24 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Tablet 95 mg/1 Oral A-S Medication Solutions 2014-11-01 2019-02-28 US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Tablet 95 mg/1 Oral A-S Medication Solutions 2014-11-01 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Tablet 95 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2014-11-01 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Maximum Strength Tablet 99.5 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2018-07-02 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Maximum Strength Tablet 97.5 mg/1 Oral i-Health, Inc. 2015-02-09 2019-01-31 US flag
Care One Maximum Strength Urinary Pain Relief Tablet 97.5 mg/1 Oral American Sales 2010-01-04 Not applicable US flag
Care One Maximum Strength Urinary Pain Relief Tablet 99.5 mg/1 Oral Retail Business Services , LLC. 2019-09-20 Not applicable US flag
Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
AZOSILIN 500 MG/50 MG TABLET, 12 ADET Phenazopyridine (50 mg) + Ampicillin trihydrate (500 mg) Tablet Oral YAVUZ İLAÇ ECZA DEPOSU MEDİKAL ÜRÜNLER SAN.VE TİC. A.Ş. 2020-08-14 Not applicable Turkey flag
AZOSILIN 500 MG/50 MG TABLET, 30 ADET Phenazopyridine (50 mg) + Ampicillin trihydrate (500 mg) Tablet Oral YAVUZ İLAÇ ECZA DEPOSU MEDİKAL ÜRÜNLER SAN.VE TİC. A.Ş. 2020-08-14 Not applicable Turkey flag
Urobiotic Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (50 mg/1) + Oxytetracycline hydrochloride (250 mg/1) + Sulfamethizole (250 mg/1) Capsule Oral Roerig 2005-12-14 Not applicable US flag
ซีโต้มัยซิน ชนิดแค๊ปซูล Phenazopyridine (50 MG) + Sulfamethizole (250 MG) + Tetracycline (250 MG) Capsule บริษัท ปัจจุบันโอสถ จำกัด จำกัด 1986-03-07 Not applicable Thailand flag
Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Azo Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (97.5 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2014-03-04 2017-02-01 US flag
Azo Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (95 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2012-05-24 Not applicable US flag
Azo Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (97.5 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2012-05-18 Not applicable US flag
Azo Gesic Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (95 mg/1) Tablet Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2011-06-25 2017-04-29 US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (95 mg/1) Tablet Oral A-S Medication Solutions 2014-11-01 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (95 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2014-11-01 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (95 mg/1) Tablet Oral A-S Medication Solutions 2014-11-01 2019-02-28 US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Maximum Strength Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (97.5 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2015-02-09 2019-01-31 US flag
AZO Urinary Pain Relief Maximum Strength Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (99.5 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2018-07-02 Not applicable US flag
AZO Urinary Tract Health Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (95 mg/1) Tablet Oral i-Health, Inc. 2014-02-28 2016-11-30 US flag
ATC Codes
G04BX06 — Phenazopyridine
  • G04BX — Other urologicals
  • G04B — UROLOGICALS
  • G04 — UROLOGICALS
  • G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES
Drug Categories
  • Amines
  • Aminopyridines
  • Antipruritics and Local Anesthetics
  • Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
  • Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones
  • Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
  • Nephrotoxic agents
  • Pyridines
  • Urologicals
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aminopyridines and derivatives. These are organic heterocyclic compounds containing an amino group attached to a pyridine ring.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Pyridines and derivatives
Sub Class
Aminopyridines and derivatives
Direct Parent
Aminopyridines and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Dihydropyridines / Imidolactams / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azo compounds / Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Primary amines / Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Amine / Aminopyridine / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Azo compound / Benzenoid / Dihydropyridine / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hydropyridine
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
UNII
K2J09EMJ52
CAS number
94-78-0
InChI Key
QPFYXYFORQJZEC-FOCLMDBBSA-N
InChI

InChI=1S/C11H11N5/c12-10-7-6-9(11(13)14-10)16-15-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,(H4,12,13,14)/b16-15+

IUPAC Name

3-[(E)-2-phenyldiazen-1-yl]pyridine-2,6-diamine

SMILES

NC1=NC(N)=C(C=C1)\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1

General References
  1. Shore SN, Britnell SR, Brown JN: Safety analysis of long-term phenazopyridine use for radiation cystitis. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2019 Apr 22:1078155219842646. doi: 10.1177/1078155219842646. [Article]
  2. Suter DM, Preynat-Seauve O, Tirefort D, Feki A, Krause KH: Phenazopyridine induces and synchronizes neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells. J Cell Mol Med. 2009 Sep;13(9B):3517-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00660.x. [Article]
  3. Rehfuss A, Mahon J, Sorokin I, Smith C, Stein BS: Phenazopyridine: A Preoperative Way to Identify Ureteral Orifices. Urology. 2018 May;115:36-38. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.02.023. Epub 2018 Mar 1. [Article]
  4. Onder AM, Espinoza V, Berho ME, Chandar J, Zilleruelo G, Abitbol C: Acute renal failure due to phenazopyridine (Pyridium) overdose: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006 Nov;21(11):1760-4. doi: 10.1007/s00467-006-0196-1. Epub 2006 Aug 1. [Article]
  5. Gold NA, Bithoney WG: Methemoglobinemia due to ingestion of at most three pills of pyridium in a 2-year-old: case report and review. J Emerg Med. 2003 Aug;25(2):143-8. [Article]
  6. Murphy T, Fernandez M: Acquired methemoglobinemia from phenazopyridine use. Int J Emerg Med. 2018 Nov 12;11(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12245-018-0208-5. [Article]
  7. Chang LC, Kuo CW, Chau T, Lin SH: Phenazopyridine-induced hemolytic anemia in advanced kidney disease. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014 Dec;62(12):2464-6. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13161. [Article]
  8. Aizawa N, Wyndaele JJ: Effects of phenazopyridine on rat bladder primary afferent activity, and comparison with lidocaine and acetaminophen. Neurourol Urodyn. 2010 Nov;29(8):1445-50. doi: 10.1002/nau.20886. [Article]
  9. Thomas BH, Whitehouse LW, Solomonraj G, Paul CJ: Excretion of phenazopyridine and its metabolites in the urine of humans, rats, mice, and guinea pigs. J Pharm Sci. 1990 Apr;79(4):321-5. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600790410. [Article]
  10. Johnson WJ, Chartrand A: The metabolism and excretion of phenazopyridine hydrochloride in animals and man. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1976 Aug;37(2):371-6. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(76)90100-9. [Article]
  11. Li KJ, Chen QH, Zhang Z, Zhou P, Li P, Liu J, Zhu J: Determination of phenazopyridine in human plasma by GC-MS and its pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr Sci. 2008 Sep;46(8):686-9. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/46.8.686. [Article]
  12. Thomas BH, Whitehouse LW, Solomonraj G, Paul CJ: Metabolism and disposition of phenazopyridine in rat. Xenobiotica. 1993 Feb;23(2):99-105. [Article]
  13. Pitre D, Maffei-Facino R: Isolation and identification of two hydroxylated metabolites of phenazopyridine in rat urine. Farmaco Sci. 1977 Jun;32(6):453-60. [Article]
  14. Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride [Link]
  15. Drug summary: phenazopyridine [Link]
  16. FDA information Phenazopyridine [Link]
  17. HMDB, phenazopyridine [Link]
  18. Phenazopyridine DailyMed [Link]
  19. MSDS, Phenazopyridine [Link]
  20. UPMC: Final Diagnosis -- Suicide Attempt with Ingestion of Pyridium Tablets [Link]
  21. Intracellular Drug Bioavailability: Effect of Neutral Lipids and Phospholipids [Link]
  22. O Factors Affecting Drug Metabolism [Link]
  23. Phenazopyridine hydrochloride [Link]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0015506
KEGG Drug
D08346
KEGG Compound
C07429
PubChem Compound
4756
PubChem Substance
46507962
ChemSpider
4592
BindingDB
50420356
RxNav
8120
ChEBI
71416
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1242
ZINC
ZINC000095483532
PharmGKB
PA164746899
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
PDRhealth
PDRhealth Drug Page
Wikipedia
Phenazopyridine
MSDS
Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count
4 Completed Diagnostic Ureteral Patency 1
4 Completed Prevention Urinary Retention 1
4 Completed Treatment Catheter Related Bladder Discomfort 1
4 Recruiting Treatment Detrusor Hyperreflexia / Detrusor Instability / Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) / Urinary Incontinence (UI) / Urinary Urge Incontinence 1
3 Completed Treatment Dysfunctional Voiding / Postoperative pain 1
3 Completed Treatment Dysuria 1
3 Completed Treatment Pain / Urinary Tract Infection 1
3 Completed Treatment Postoperative Urinary Retention (POUR) 1
3 Completed Treatment Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections 1
3 Unknown Status Treatment Dysuria 1
Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers
  • Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
  • Amerifit Inc.
  • Amerisource Health Services Corp.
  • Amkas Laboratories Inc.
  • Amneal Pharmaceuticals
  • Apotheca Inc.
  • A-S Medication Solutions LLC
  • Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
  • Belgomex Sprl
  • Boca Pharmacal
  • Breckenridge Pharmaceuticals
  • Bryant Ranch Prepack
  • Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
  • Consumers Choice
  • Contract Pharm
  • Corepharma LLC
  • CVS Pharmacy
  • Direct Dispensing Inc.
  • Dispensing Solutions
  • Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
  • Edwards Pharmaceuticals
  • Group Health Cooperative
  • H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
  • Johnson & Johnson Healthcare
  • Kaiser Foundation Hospital
  • Lehigh Valley Technologies Inc.
  • Liberty Pharmaceuticals
  • Lil' Drug Store
  • Major Pharmaceuticals
  • Mckesson Corp.
  • Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
  • Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Patient First Corp.
  • PCA LLC
  • PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Pharmedix
  • Pharmelle LLC
  • Physicians Total Care Inc.
  • Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Prepackage Specialists
  • Prepak Systems Inc.
  • Prescript Pharmaceuticals
  • Rebel Distributors Corp.
  • Redpharm Drug
  • Rekah Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd.
  • Remedy Repack
  • Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
  • Scruggs Pharmacal Co. Inc.
  • Southwood Pharmaceuticals
  • Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
  • St Mary's Medical Park Pharmacy
  • Sunrise Pharmaceutical Inc.
  • Superior Pharmeceuticals
  • Tya Pharmaceuticals
  • Warner Chilcott Co. Inc.
  • WC Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength
Tablet Oral 95 mg/1
Tablet; tablet, film coated Oral
Tablet Oral 100 mg/1
Tablet Oral 100 mg/1mg
Tablet Oral 200 mg/1
Tablet Oral 200 mg/1mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 97.5 mg/1
Tablet, coated Oral 100 mg/1
Tablet, coated Oral 200 mg/1
Tablet, film coated Oral 95 mg/1
Tablet, coated Oral
Tablet Oral
Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg/1
Tablet, film coated Oral 200 mg/1
Tablet Oral 200 mg
Tablet Oral 97.5 mg/1
Capsule 100 mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 99.5 mg/1
Tablet Oral 99.5 mg/1
Capsule Oral
Tablet, sugar coated Oral 100 mg
Tablet Oral
Tablet Oral 100 mg / tab
Tablet, coated Oral 200 mg
Capsule
Tablet, coated Oral 50 mg
Tablet Oral 100 mg
Tablet, coated Oral 100 mg
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Phenazopyridine hcl 100% powdr 3.59USD g
Pyridium 200 mg tablet 1.84USD tablet
Phenazopyridine 200 mg tablet 1.83USD tablet
Phenazopyridine 100 mg tablet 1.82USD tablet
Phenazopyridine Plus 150-15-0.3 mg tablet 1.3USD tablet
Phenazopyridine plus tablet 1.25USD tablet
Pyridium 100 mg tablet 1.09USD tablet
Phenazopyridine HCl 200 mg tablet 0.97USD tablet
Phenazopyridine HCl 100 mg tablet 0.5USD tablet
Uristat 95 mg tablet 0.39USD tablet
Azo standard 97.5 mg tablet 0.36USD tablet
Urogesic-blue tablet 0.36USD tablet
Azo standard 95 mg tablet 0.33USD tablet
Azo-gesic 95 mg tablet 0.22USD tablet
CVS Pharmacy urinary pain rlf 95 mg tablet 0.22USD tablet
Woman's wellbeing uti rlf tablet 0.21USD tablet
Prodium 95 mg tablet 0.19USD tablet

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents
Not Available
State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point (°C) 139 https://www.lookchem.com/Phenazopyridine-hydrochloride/
boiling point (°C) 442.3 ºC https://www.lookchem.com/Phenazopyridine-hydrochloride/
logP 2.62 https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/182c/23f8f9a5935f172b01241dd7c06d8d72b6f3.pdf
logS 3.83 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/phenazopyridine
pKa 5.05 https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/182c/23f8f9a5935f172b01241dd7c06d8d72b6f3.pdf
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
Water Solubility 0.202 mg/mL ALOGPS
logP 2.31 ALOGPS
logP 2.69 ChemAxon
logS -3 ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic) 18.85 ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic) 6.86 ChemAxon
Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count 2 ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area 89.65 Å2 ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count 2 ChemAxon
Refractivity 68.25 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon
Polarizability 22.66 Å3 ChemAxon
Number of Rings 2 ChemAxon
Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon
Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon
Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon
Veber's Rule No ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9816
Blood Brain Barrier + 0.874
Caco-2 permeable + 0.7633
P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.6748
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9121
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.956
Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.7745
CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8791
CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8856
CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.7528
CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.9107
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7498
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.8985
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.6767
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.5068
Ames test AMES toxic 0.9107
Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.6868
Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9948
Rat acute toxicity 2.6160 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9554
hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8735

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Mass Spec (NIST)
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Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-03di-3790000000-b512b9204606a7555a5b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-03di-2970000000-0b1e342d0932d1b1e514
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-05fr-4900000000-ca0b4addc8cef352136e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-053r-9600000000-3269efb012d6f568ca89
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-003r-9100000000-82c1432637ce4b1cf4f4
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-05vk-3920000000-53a0d95ed732abd389e7

Targets

Drug created at July 30, 2007 16:08 / Updated at November 21, 2021 07:38